Cellular Processes

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What is active transport?

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Active transport is the process by which cells move molecules across a membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration, using energy (ATP).

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What is passive transport?

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Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, typically occurring from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

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What is osmosis?

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Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

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What is a hypertonic solution?

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A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move out of the cell and leading to cell shrinkage.

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What is a hypotonic solution?

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A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing water to move into the cell and potentially leading to cell swelling.

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What is isotonic solution?

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An isotonic solution has equal concentrations of solutes inside and outside the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

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What are prokaryotic cells?

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Prokaryotic cells are simple, unicellular organisms that lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, such as bacteria.

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What are eukaryotic cells?

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Eukaryotic cells are complex cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, found in organisms such as plants, animals, and fungi.

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What role does ATP play in cellular processes?

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ATP (adenosine triphosphate) provides the energy required for active transport and other cellular processes.

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What is diffusion?

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Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until equilibrium is reached.