EOC Review: Foundations of American Government Quiz 1

How did Enlightenment ideas influence the American Declaration of Independence?

• They encouraged the establishment of a monarchy.

• They emphasized the importance of individual rights and government by consent.

• They promoted the idea of a theocratic government.

• They supported the continuation of colonial rule.

What was a significant weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

• It allowed the federal government to impose taxes directly.

• It provided for a strong executive branch.

• It lacked the power to regulate interstate commerce.

• It established a national judiciary.

Which principle of the U.S. Constitution is demonstrated by the division of government into three branches?

• Federalism

• Popular sovereignty

• Separation of powers

• Judicial review

What was the primary purpose of the Bill of Rights?

• To outline the powers of the federal government

• To protect individual liberties against government infringement

• To establish the process for amending the Constitution

• To define the structure of the legislative branch

How did the Land Ordinance Act of 1785 contribute to westward expansion?

• It provided free land to settlers.

• It established a system for surveying and selling western lands.

• It granted statehood to western territories.

• It prohibited slavery in new territories.

What was the significance of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787?

• It allowed for the immediate admission of new states.

• It established a process for territories to become states.

• It granted independence to Native American tribes.

• It created a national bank.

Which issue did the Great Compromise resolve during the Constitutional Convention?

• The method of electing the president

• The representation of states in Congress

• The regulation of interstate commerce

• The abolition of slavery

How does the system of checks and balances work in the U.S. government?

• It allows each branch to operate independently without interference.

• It ensures that no single branch becomes too powerful by allowing each branch to limit the powers of the others.

• It gives the president the power to override judicial decisions.

• It requires all branches to agree on every decision.

Which Enlightenment thinker is most closely associated with the idea of separation of powers?

• Thomas Hobbes

• John Locke

• Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

What was the main goal of the framers when creating the U.S. Constitution?

• To establish a direct democracy

• To create a strong central government while preserving state sovereignty

• To eliminate all forms of taxation

• To maintain the Articles of Confederation