Communication

What is the traditional model of the consultation?

• Doctors are seen as equals to patients

• Doctors are experts with objective knowledge

• Patients are the primary decision-makers

• Consultations are informal discussions

What is one of the roles of health professionals during a consultation?

• To decide what symptoms mean

• To ignore patient symptoms

• To prescribe medication without diagnosis

• To provide entertainment

What is confirmation bias in clinical decision-making?

• The process of gathering all possible information

• The ability to remain neutral during consultations

• The tendency to focus on information that supports a hypothesis

• The tendency to seek information that contradicts a hypothesis

What is the first stage of the problem-solving model in clinical decision-making?

• Developing hypotheses

• Accessing information about the patient's symptoms

• Searching for attributes

• Making a management decision

What can influence a health professional's original hypothesis?

• The patient's age

• The time of day

• The health professional's beliefs

• The weather on the day of consultation

What might cause variability in health professionals' decisions?

• Using the same stereotypes

• Developing the same hypotheses

• Accessing the same information

• Having differing degrees of bias

How do health professionals test their hypotheses?

• By asking irrelevant questions

• By making assumptions

• By searching for confirming or refuting attributes

• By ignoring patient feedback

What is one factor that may influence a health professional's decision-making?

• The patient's social media presence

• The health professional's stereotypes

• The patient's favorite color

• The time of year

What is the outcome of the clinical decision-making process?

• A complete medical history

• A definitive diagnosis

• A guaranteed treatment plan

• An informed guess

What is a common symptom that patients might present with?

• Uncommon diseases

• Specific diagnoses

• Vague symptoms like headaches

• Severe injuries