Earth Sci Fall Final Guide '24

Masses of ice that form on mountain slopes and valleys, and move over land.

• Groundwater

• Precipitation

• Respiration and Excretion

• Mountain Glaciers

Answer explanation

Mountain glaciers are large masses of ice that form in cold regions, typically on mountain slopes and in valleys, and they move slowly over land due to gravity. This makes 'Mountain Glaciers' the correct answer.

Water that flows over the land surface rather than infiltrating into the ground.

• Lakes and Ponds

• Surface Runoff

• Evaporation

• Infiltration

Answer explanation

Surface runoff is the water that flows over the land surface instead of soaking into the ground. It occurs when precipitation exceeds the soil's infiltration capacity, making it the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Major bodies of saline (salty) water on Earth's surface.

• Condensation

• Groundwater

• Clouds

• Oceans

Answer explanation

Oceans are the major bodies of saline water on Earth's surface, covering about 71% of the planet. Other options like groundwater and clouds do not represent large saline bodies.

The release of water vapor into the atmosphere by plants.

• Transpiration

• Evaporation

• Clouds

• Respiration and Excretion

Answer explanation

Transpiration is the process by which plants release water vapor into the atmosphere through small openings called stomata. This is distinct from evaporation, which involves water turning into vapor from any surface.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The conversion of a solid directly into a gas without passing through a liquid state.

• Sublimation

• Respiration and Excretion

• Transpiration

• Clouds

Answer explanation

Sublimation is the process where a solid transforms directly into a gas without becoming a liquid. This distinguishes it from other processes like respiration, excretion, transpiration, and cloud formation.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Visible masses of water droplets or frozen crystals suspended in the atmosphere.

• Evaporation

• Respiration and Excretion

• Clouds

• Sublimation

Answer explanation

Clouds are visible masses of water droplets or frozen crystals suspended in the atmosphere, making them the correct answer. Other options like evaporation and sublimation refer to processes, not visible formations.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-1

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The movement of masses of water within the ocean due to prevailing winds and water density differences.

• Groundwater Flow

• Ocean Currents

• Evaporation

• Transpiration

Answer explanation

Ocean currents are the large-scale movement of water in the ocean, driven by wind and differences in water density. This process is essential for regulating climate and distributing heat across the planet.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Water (usually freshwater) flowing in channels over the ground's surface.

• Rivers and Streams

• Ocean Currents

• Transpiration

• Precipitation

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'Rivers and Streams' as they refer to freshwater flowing in channels over the ground's surface, unlike ocean currents, transpiration, or precipitation which describe different water processes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The process by which water is converted from a liquid to a gas or vapor.

• Evaporation

• Infiltration

• Consumption and Absorption

• Rivers and Streams

Answer explanation

The correct answer is Evaporation, which is the process where water changes from a liquid state to a gas or vapor, typically due to heat. The other options do not describe this specific transformation.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

The movement of water within groundwater aquifers beneath the ground surface.

• Oceans

• Infiltration

• Groundwater Flow

• Mountain Glaciers

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'Groundwater Flow' as it specifically refers to the movement of water within aquifers beneath the ground surface, unlike the other options which pertain to different water bodies or processes.