Genetic Engineering Flashcard

Front

What is genetic engineering?

Back

Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism's genes using biotechnology, allowing for the alteration of genetic material to achieve desired traits.

Front

What year did the Human Genome Project complete mapping human genes?

Back

2003

Front

How do viruses play a role in gene therapy?

Back

They deliver beneficial DNA to the host.

Front

What is selective breeding?

Back

Selective breeding is a genetic engineering practice where humans choose organisms to breed for desired traits.

Front

What can gene therapy potentially treat?

Back

Gene therapy can potentially treat genetic disorders such as cystic fibrosis.

Front

What is a potential consequence of inbred relationships?

Back

Reduced muscle function.

Front

What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

Back

A GMO is an organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques.

Front

What is the purpose of gene therapy?

Back

The purpose of gene therapy is to treat or prevent diseases by inserting, altering, or removing genes within an individual's cells.

Front

What is cloning in the context of genetic engineering?

Back

Cloning is the process of creating a genetically identical copy of an organism or cell.

Front

What role do plasmids play in genetic engineering?

Back

Plasmids are small, circular DNA molecules used as vectors to transfer genetic material into a host cell.