Review 11.3/11.4 (Exploration)

Why were the results of Columbus’s first meeting with Native Americans in the West Indies important?

• It had a sudden, short-term effect on European expansion.
• It had a serious, far-reaching impact on Native Americans.
• It had a major but gradual effect on Portuguese colonization.
• It had an unexpected, long-lasting impact on trade with Africa.

How were the Aztec and Inca empires impacted by Spanish conquistadors and European colonization?

• Conquistadors made peace with the empires, and then Europeans set up colonies.
• The Aztec and Inca empires shrank and survived only into the 1700s.
• Conquistadors destroyed the empires, and then Europeans built new settlements.
• The Aztec and Inca resisted and expelled both conquistadors and European settlers.

How did Portugal and other European nations challenge Spanish power?

• Portugal colonized Brazil, and other nations backed privateers and explorers.
• France colonized Brazil, and Portugal and others invaded Peru and New Spain.
• Netherlands captured the Philippines, and Portugal and others backed privateers.
• Portugal attacked Spain’s colonies, and other nations aided the Spanish.

Which was an effect of Spain’s regulation of trade in its American colonies?

• Colonists could only trade with other Spanish colonies.
• Colonists could export raw materials only to Spain.
• Colonists could trade silver with other European nations.
• Colonists could not buy Spanish manufactured goods.

Which was a major impact of Spanish colonization of the Americas?

• It gave Spain absolute control over all of South America.
• The cost of maintaining overseas colonies quickly drained the Spanish treasury.
• All traces of Native American culture were wiped out in the Americas.
• For the first time, sea routes connected much of the world.

As Europeans struggled for power in North America, Native Americans responded by

• trading gold for colonists’ weapons.
• selling land claims and receiving permanent rights to live on the land.
• siding with one European power against another.
• moving north to avoid conflict.

The Pilgrims created the Mayflower Compact because

• they needed to establish their religious beliefs before landing.
• they wanted to set some guidelines for governing their colony.
• they wanted to make sure all men and women had the right to vote.
• there were royal officials onboard who required a constitution.

How did England’s political traditions affect the types of government established in England’s American colonies?

• English colonies were direct democracies with rights and freedoms.
• English colonial governments prohibited discrimination based on race or religion.
• English colonists had some limited representative self-government.
• English colonists elected members of Parliament.

The colonies of New France expanded into a vast territory, but grew slowly due to

• France’s focus on receiving revenues from imported goods and taxes.
• the difficulty of maneuvering through the dense wilderness along the east coast.
• the difficulty of farming in the Canadian climate.
• England’s obstruction of French trade routes along the Mississippi River.

How did Britain become the dominant power in North America?

• by paying mercenaries and privateers to fight the Indians
• by winning a global war against France
• by staying neutral in the French and Indian War
• by buying Canada and Florida from Spain