A healthy ecosystem must have producers, consumers, and decomposers. Most decomposers are either fungi or bacteria. Why are decomposers an essential part of a healthy ecosystem?

• Decomposers are a necessary part of the diet of most consumers

• Decomposers convert planet material into a form that primary consumers can use.

• Decomposers make resources available to producers by breaking down waste materials.

• Decomposers extract energy from sunlight as they break down planet materials, adding energy to the system.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

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Organisms in a food web are classified as producers, consumers, and decomposers. What information is needed to classify organisms into these categories?

• How the organisms get the energy they require

• The size of each organism

• The environment each organism lives in

• The amount of water the organisms need

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

How much energy stored as biomass in one trophic level ends up as biomass in the next trophic level?

• 10%

• 90%

• 50%

• 100%

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

What does the arrow between the grass and grasshopper represent?

• Energy in the grass being transferred to the grasshopper

• Grass and grasshoppers require the same resources

• Grass moves into the grasshopper's ecosystem

• Energy in the grasshopper flowing to the grass

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Which organism is in the second trophic level?

• Grass

• Grasshopper

• Bird

• Fox

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

If the grass produces 10,000 calories of energy, how much of that will go to the fox?

• 10,000 calories

• 1,000 calories

• 100 calories

• 10 calories

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Use the Food Web to answer the questions to the right. Which of the organisms shown in the food web to the left are producers?

• Mangrove leaves

• Snail

• Mold

• Phytoplankton

• Bacteria

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NGSS.MS-LS2-3

Use the Food Web to answer the questions to the right. Which of the organisms shown in the food web to the left are primary consumers?

• Mold

• Bacteria

• Snail

• Mangrove leaves

• Phytoplankton

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NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Like the success of animals, the success of plants is limited based on the resources available to each individual. In the tropical rainforest, plants are especially limited by the space they have available to grow and reproduce. Which of these statements describes a way that limited space will impact the success of a plant in the rainforest?

• A plant without enough space will face increased predation from herbivores.

• A plant without enough space will not have as many parasites and diseases.

• A plant without enough space will not be able to capture enough light to grow.

• A plant without enough space will be more likely to be impacted by air quality.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

Devon noticed that it has rained much more this year than it did in each of the previous 10 years. How might this increase in rainfall affect populations in the area that struggle to get enough water?

• Populations where water is a limiting factor will increase in size.

• Populations that water is a limiting factor will decrease in size.

• Populations will stay exactly the same.

• Populations of all animals will increase.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4