Protein Synthesis B.7B

Protein synthesis occurs in two steps: the first step is (a)   and the second step is (b)   . Transcription is the process by which the enzyme (c)   makes messenger RNA (mRNA), using DNA as a template (DNA => mRNA). Transcription occurs in three steps: initiation, elongation, and

termination. Transcription occurs in the (d)   of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes.

The mRNA produced during transcription carries the genetic information that codes for a (e)   .

• transcription
• translation
• RNA polymerase
• protein
• nucleus
• replication
• cell membrane
• helicase

Tags

B.7B

Match these nucleic acids with their function

• DNA

• Holds the code for how to make all the proteins in an organism

• mRNA

• Genetic code stored in codons, copied from a template of one gene in the DNA

• tRNA

• Contains the complimentary anticodon and brings a specific amino acid to the ribosome

• rRNA

• Reads the codon from the nucleus and is the location for translation

Tags

B.7A

Categorize these characteristics of nucleic acids

Groups:

(a) DNA

,

(b) DNA and RNA

,

(c) RNA

• Small-Hundreds to thousands of nucleotides

• Large-Millions of nucleotides

• Single stranded

• Guanine

• Adinine

• Ribose Sugar

• Deoxyribose Sugar

• 
• The sequence of nitrogen bases stores the code for traits

• Double stranded

• Uracil

• Only found in the nucleus

• Thymine

• Made of nucleotides

• Cytosine

• 
• Can be found in nucleus and cytoplasm

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Label the diagram

c

b

d

e

a

nucleus

Ribosome

DNA

amino acids

mRNA

tRNA

anticodon

Tags

B.7B

Label the diagram using the words provided by putting them in the correct box:

a

b

c

d

e

Translation

Protein

Transcription

DNA

mRNA

Answer explanation

Tags

6C

Match the following vocabulary words with their definition.

• nucleotide

• Monomer of a protein; 20 different types

• codon

• Section of DNA that codes for one protein

• gene

• Monomer of a nucleic acid, made of phosphate group, sugar, and nitrogen base

• amino acid

• Three nucleotides that code for one amino acid

• genome

• All the DNA in an organism

Tags

B.7B

Place the following amino acids in order according to the code found in the mRNA sequence:

AUG GAC AAG UCG UAA

• Serine

• Aspartate

• Lysine

• Stop

• Methionine

Tags

B.7B