…… focuses on the measurement and analysis of geometric properties of the Earth's surface.

• Geometric geodesy

• Satellite geodesy

• Physical geodesy

• None of the above

…………. is a hypothetical surface that represents the shape the Earth's oceans.

• Ellipsoid

• Topography

• Geoid

• All the above

…………….. is a mathematical figure approximating the Earth's shape.

• Ellipsoid

• Topography

• Geoid

• All the above

At any point on ellipsoid, ………… latitude is greater than other types of latitudes.

• Geocentric

• reduced

• geodetic

• none of the above

It is a curve on a surface where at each point of the curve the principal normal of the curve coincides with the normal to the surface of the ellipsoid at this point.

• Geodesic

• Normal section

• Normal direction

• None of the above

A type of geometric effect makes difference between forward and back azimuths does not equal 180°.

• Spherical excess

• Meridian convergence

• Geodesic

• none of the above

…… is a method to compute length, forward, and back azimuth between two known stations at different latitude and longitude.

• Direct problem

• Inverse problem

• Satellite problem

The geoid and reference ellipsoid are parallel at a point if ……

• θ=0

• N= θ=0

• N=0

• None of the above

The angle of deflection of the vertical is NOT equal at all points on the Earth.

• True

• False

Triangulation stations should be intervisible

• True

• False