Genetic Modification and Cross-Breeding Concepts

Which of the following is the correct description for cross-breeding

• Crossing two plants of the same species, but each parent plant has a different number of chromosomes

• Breeding two compatible species in hopes of creating an offspring with the desired traits

• Plant cells from two distinct species are fused together to form a new hybrid plant

• Exposing seeds to chemicals or radiation to promote genetic mutations in hopes that the mutation will produce a desirable trait

Which would NOT be a reason to use GM crops?

• Using GM crops can increase crop yields.
• Using GM crops can reduce use of insecticide sprays.
• Using GM crops may be able to feed more people faster.
• Using GM crops can increase pesticide resistance in pests.

What is a GMO?

• gene monitoring organizer

• genetically modified organism

• genome mining organization

• gene mobilizing organelle

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NGSS.MS-LS4-5

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

How are GMOs created using bioengineering?

• A desirable gene is removed from one organism and inserted into another organisms genome

• Two different organisms with desired genes are mated

• Bacteria with good genes are inserted into other organisms

• An undesirable gene is found, removed, and replaced with the desirable form of the gene

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NGSS.MS-LS4-5

GMOs can be

• plants only

• animals only

• plant, animal, and bacteria

• plant and animal only

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When should you read a pesticide label?

• Before buying the pesticide

• Before mixing the pesticide

• Before applying the pesticide

• Before disposing of the pesticide

What is antibiotic resistance?

• The ability for humans to resist antibiotics.
• The ability for humans to repel bacteria. 
• The ability for bacteria to resist antibiotics.
• The ability for bacteria to become weak from antibiotics.

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

The pesticide DDT was used extensively in the past to reduce the numbers of malaria-carrying mosquitoes. At first, application of DDT killed almost all the mosquitoes in treated populations. Over years, however, DDT-resistant populations (ones where most mosquitoes were not killed by normal doses of DDT) began to emerge. Which of the following best explains how DDT resistance emerged in the mosquitoes?

• The individual mosquitos in the starting populations sensed the environmental threat and mutated genes that made them insensitive to DDT
• Populations with DDT resistance are better-adapted for any environment than populations without DDT resistance, so they would have evolved sooner or later (regardless of whether DDT was applied)
• When DDT was applied, rare individuals with DDT resistance mutations were more likely to survive and leave offspring, eventually leading to populations composed largely of resistant mosquitoes
• The mosquitoes must all have been DDT-resistant to begin with, because there is no genetic variation in natural populations of mosquitoes

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NGSS.MS-LS4-4

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What is one reason some people are AGAINST the use of genetically modified organisms, such as Bt corn?

• We do not know the potential health effects for humans and other organism

• It helps solve world hunger

• It is harmful to farmers in the field

• It allows us to stop spraying pesticides

A pesticide is _____________if it does not break down easily or quickly in the environment.

• Persistent
• Domesticated
• Compost
• Aquaculture