Kinetics and Equilibrium TICKET

Front

What is the ideal gas law?

Back

The ideal gas law is a fundamental equation in chemistry that relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and number of moles (n) of an ideal gas: PV = nRT, where R is the ideal gas constant.

Front

Define entropy in the context of thermodynamics.

Back

Entropy is a measure of the disorder or randomness in a system. In thermodynamics, it quantifies the amount of energy in a physical system that is not available to do work.

Front

What factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction?

Back

The rate of a chemical reaction can be affected by factors such as concentration of reactants, temperature, surface area of solid reactants, and the presence of catalysts.

Front

What is activation energy?

Back

Activation energy is the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. It is the energy barrier that must be overcome for reactants to be transformed into products.

Front

Explain the concept of dynamic equilibrium.

Back

Dynamic equilibrium occurs in a reversible reaction when the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction, resulting in constant concentrations of reactants and products.

Front

What is the significance of STP in gas calculations?

Back

STP stands for Standard Temperature and Pressure, defined as 0°C (273.15 K) and 1 atm pressure. It is used as a reference point for gas calculations.

Front

How does increasing temperature affect reaction rates?

Back

Increasing temperature generally increases the reaction rate because it provides reactant molecules with more kinetic energy, leading to more frequent and effective collisions.

Front

What is a potential energy diagram?

Back

A potential energy diagram is a graphical representation of the energy changes during a chemical reaction, showing the energy of reactants, products, and the activation energy.

Front

Define the term 'catalyst'.

Back

A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. It lowers the activation energy required for the reaction.

Front

What is the relationship between pressure and volume in gases?

Back

According to Boyle's Law, at constant temperature, the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume: P1V1 = P2V2.