PS1.C Quiz

What defines the identity of an element?

• Number of neutrons

• Number of protons

• Atomic mass

• Number of electrons

Which type of nuclear reaction powers the Sun?

• Nuclear fission

• Nuclear fusion

• Radioactive decay

• Beta decay

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What happens during alpha decay?

• A neutron splits into a proton and electron.

• The nucleus emits an alpha particle (2 protons and 2 neutrons).

• An electron is captured by the nucleus.

• The nucleus releases gamma radiation.

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What force holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus?

• Electromagnetic force

• Gravitational force

• Strong nuclear force

• Weak nuclear force

Which of the following is a common application of nuclear fission?

• Generating electricity in power plants

• Powering the Sun

• Diagnosing medical conditions with X-rays

• Carbon dating fossils

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How is the stability of a nucleus related to its neutron-to-proton ratio?

• A high ratio always leads to stability.

• Stability depends on the balance between protons and neutrons.

• A low ratio increases stability in all nuclei.

• The ratio does not affect stability.

What is released during a nuclear fission reaction?

• Energy and smaller nuclei

• Electrons and protons

• Only alpha particles

• Neutrons and electrons

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Which type of radiation has no mass and no charge?

• Alpha radiation

• Beta radiation

• Gamma radiation

• Neutron radiation

Carbon-14 is used in radiocarbon dating. What type of decay does it undergo?

• Alpha decay

• Beta decay

• Gamma emission

• Electron capture

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NGSS.HS-PS1-8

What is the primary risk of exposure to high levels of ionizing radiation?

• Changes in body temperature

• Mutations in DNA and increased cancer risk

• Increased electrical conductivity of cells

• Permanent dehydration of tissues

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