2023 Fall Final, Biology

Front

What is a beneficial mutation?

Back

A beneficial mutation is a change in an organism's DNA that enhances its ability to survive and reproduce, such as developing immunity to a disease.

Front

What are the three elements needed by plants for photosynthesis?

Back

The three elements needed by plants for photosynthesis are water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight.

Front

What are ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are small structures present in all cells that are responsible for producing proteins.

Front

What is an autotroph?

Back

An autotroph is an organism that produces its own food using sunlight or chemical energy, such as plants.

Front

What is a heterotroph?

Back

A heterotroph is an organism that cannot produce its own food and instead consumes other organisms for energy.

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods with the help of chlorophyll.

Front

What role does sunlight play in photosynthesis?

Back

Sunlight provides the energy needed for plants to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen during photosynthesis.

Front

What is the function of chloroplasts?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

Front

What is the significance of mutations in evolution?

Back

Mutations introduce genetic variation, which is essential for evolution as it provides raw material for natural selection.

Front

What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Back

Aerobic respiration requires oxygen to produce energy, while anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen.