midterm part 1

Which Byzantine figure was responsible for establishing a uniform code of laws?

• A. Basil I

• B. Belisarius

• C. Justinian I

• D. Theodosius

Read the excerpt and answer the question below. and I will force them to leave, whether they want to or not. And if they obey, I will show mercy. And if they do not obey, I will have it come about that they are slain. -Joan of Arc, letter to the King of England, 1429 Source: Public Domain/Internet Archives, original translation Which event identifies the circumstances that led to the writing of this letter?

• the Hundred Years' War

• the Great Schism

• the First Crusade

• the Black Death

Read the excerpt and answer the question below. The vain titles of the victories of Justinian are crumbled into dust; but the name of the legislator is inscribed on a fair and everlasting monument. -Edward Gibbon, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Volume IV Source: Fordham University Which statement describes the author's purpose?

• to stress the significance of military victories

• to stress the value of Justinian as a military leader

• to stress the value of building monuments in public spaces

• to stress the importance of the creation of the Justinian Code

Which resource would be most helpful in supporting this argument?

• an examination of early capitalism written by an economist

• a survey of early European settlements written by an archeologist

• an analysis of different political units written by a political scientist

• a review of European physical characteristics written by a geographer

Which factor did not contribute to the schism between the Roman Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church in 1054?

• the different use of language by Latin and Greek clerics

• the different use of icons by Latin and Greek clerics

• beliefs about who should be leader of the church

• beliefs about who should be worshipped

Which issue contributed to the Byzantine Empire's conflict with the Roman Catholic Church?

• The Roman Catholic Church's refusal to include religious images and icons in their worship.

• Disagreement between the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Church on the divinity of Christ.

• The Eastern Orthodox's Church refusal to conduct religious services or publish books in the Greek language.

• Disagreement between the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church on the authority of the pope.

How did iconoclasm further divide the Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church?

• Iconoclasm forced the exile of Orthodox Church members to lands beyond the influence of the Catholic Church.

• Iconoclasm made the Orthodox Church distinct in religious practice from the Catholic Church.

• Iconoclasm forced people to convert from the Orthodox Church to the Catholic Church.

• Iconoclasm showed that the Orthodox Church was independent of the Catholic Church.

Which military technique was most beneficial to the Ottoman Turks?

• use of paid soldiers

• use of tribal warriors

• use of bows and arrows

• use of gunpowder weapons

Which statement describes the lives of Christians and Jews in the Ottoman Empire?

• They had to worship in secrecy.

• They were targets of social discrimination.

• They were free to practice their religions as long as they paid a special tax.

How were the Ottoman Janissaries different from other military units of the time?

• They had very low social status.

• They were paid for their military service.

• They used advanced gunpowder weaponry.

• They were experts in the use of cavalry charges.