Understanding Research Design Concepts

What is a hypothesis in research design?

• A definitive explanation that cannot be tested

• A tentative explanation that must be falsifiable

• A precise measurement of variables

• A statistical analysis method

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

Which of the following is an operational definition?

• A vague description of a variable

• A clear, precise, quantifiable definition of a variable

• A theoretical framework for a study

• A statistical significance test

What type of data is considered ideal for statistical analysis?

• Qualitative data

• Quantitative data

• Descriptive data

• Observational data

In a correlation study, what does a positive correlation indicate?

• One variable increases while the other decreases

• Both variables increase or decrease together

• No relationship between the variables

• A third variable is influencing the relationship

Which of the following is a disadvantage of correlation research?

• It can establish cause and effect

• It is unethical

• Correlation does not equal causation

• It is too artificial

What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

• To ensure the sample is representative

• To increase the chance of equal representation among groups

• To manipulate the independent variable

• To measure the dependent variable

What is the placebo effect?

• The effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable

• An observed effect on behavior caused by a placebo

• A method to ensure confidentiality

• A statistical measure of central tendency

Which of the following is a measure of central tendency?

• Range

• Standard deviation

• Mean

• Effect size

What does a negative skew in data distribution indicate?

• The mean is to the right of the mode

• The mean is to the left of the mode

• The data is evenly distributed

• The data has two modes

What is statistical significance in inferential statistics?

• Results are due to chance

• Results are not due to chance

• Results are always practically significant

• Results are always ethically approved