Protein Synthesis Flashcard 2

Front

What is the base pair rule for DNA to mRNA transcription?

Back

The base pair rule states that in DNA to mRNA transcription, Adenine (A) pairs with Uracil (U), Thymine (T) pairs with Adenine (A), Cytosine (C) pairs with Guanine (G), and Guanine (G) pairs with Cytosine (C).

Front

Transcribe the DNA sequence TACGTTACT into mRNA.

Back

AUGCAAUGA

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are organic compounds that combine to form proteins. They are the building blocks of proteins.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which carries the genetic information to the ribosome.

Front

What is translation in protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA sequence as a template.

Front

What enzyme is responsible for synthesizing mRNA from DNA?

Back

RNA Polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes mRNA from DNA instructions.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where translation occurs, facilitating the assembly of amino acids into proteins.

Front

Define peptide bonds.

Back

Peptide bonds are the chemical bonds that link amino acids together in a protein.

Front

What is the difference between transcription and translation?

Back

Transcription is the process of creating mRNA from DNA, while translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from mRNA.

Front

What is the function of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the mRNA codons.