8th Grade_Industrialization and Urbanization Quiz

Define: urbanization.

• A shop or factory where workers work long hours at low wages under unhealthy conditions

• Movement of people from rural areas to cities

• A group of corporations run by a single board of directors

• A business that is owned by many investors.

Answer explanation

Urbanization refers to the movement of people from rural areas to cities, leading to the growth of urban areas. This process transforms social, economic, and environmental aspects of life, making the correct choice the second option.

A period of rapid growth in the use of machines in manufacturing and production that began in the mid-1700s

• Industrial Revolution

• Gilded Age

• Patent

• Trust

Answer explanation

The Industrial Revolution, starting in the mid-1700s, marked a significant shift to machine-based manufacturing, transforming production processes and economies, unlike the Gilded Age, which was a later period focused on economic growth.

Who were some of the key figures during the Industrial Revolution known for shaping the American economy?

• Andrew Carnegie, Cornelius Vanderbilt, John D. Rockefeller, JP Morgan

• Thomas Edison, Nikola Tesla, Henry Ford, Alexander Graham Bell

• Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, Warren Buffet, Jeff Bezos

• George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin

What industry did Cornelius Vanderbilt primarily influence during the Gilded Age?

• Railroads

• Steel

• Oil

• Banking

What philosophy did Andrew Carnegie promote that encouraged the wealthy to use their fortunes for the greater good?

• Gospel of Wealth

• Manifest Destiny

• Social Darwinism

• Laissez-faire Capitalism

What business tactics did the tycoons of the Gilded Age use to eliminate competition?

• Horizontal and vertical integration

• Price fixing and collusion

• Outsourcing and offshoring

• Franchising and licensing

What was a significant impact of railroad expansion in the United States during the Gilded Age?

• It connected distant regions and facilitated trade

• It led to the decline of the steel industry

• It caused a decrease in urbanization

• It resulted in the immediate end of the Gilded Age

Who was known for his significant contributions to the steel industry during the Gilded Age?

• John D. Rockefeller

• Andrew Carnegie

• J.P. Morgan

• Cornelius Vanderbilt

Answer explanation

Andrew Carnegie was a key figure in the steel industry during the Gilded Age, revolutionizing steel production and establishing Carnegie Steel, which became one of the largest and most profitable companies in the world.

Which industrialist is associated with the creation of the Standard Oil Company?

• Andrew Carnegie

• J.P. Morgan

• John D. Rockefeller

• Cornelius Vanderbilt

Answer explanation

John D. Rockefeller is the industrialist known for founding the Standard Oil Company in 1870, which became a dominant force in the oil industry and a symbol of monopolistic practices in the United States.

What was the primary industry that Cornelius Vanderbilt was involved in?

• Steel

• Railroads

• Banking

• Oil

Answer explanation

Cornelius Vanderbilt was primarily involved in the railroad industry, where he made significant contributions and amassed great wealth, transforming transportation in the United States.