In the late 1800s, European nations dominated Africa through imperialism, exploiting its resources and people. This brought wealth to Europe but caused suffering in Africa. The Industrial Revolution enabled rapid colonization, and European powers justified their actions by claiming superiority. The Congo's exploitation was particularly brutal, inspiring Joseph Conrad's 'Heart of Darkness'. By the early 1900s, only Liberia and Ethiopia remained uncolonized, with the rest of Africa facing a long struggle for independence.

What was the primary goal of European imperialism in Africa during the late 1800s?

• To establish peace

• To spread democracy

• To gain wealth and power

• To promote cultural exchange

How did most Europeans view colonization during the imperialist era?

• As a noble undertaking

• As a necessary evil

• As a temporary measure

• As a cultural exchange

What was one of the major impacts of the transatlantic slave trade on African societies?

• Increased population

• Economic prosperity

• Political unity

• Reduced populations

Which technological advancement helped Europeans dominate Africa?

• Electricity

• Steampowered locomotives and ships

• Television

• Automobiles

What resources were European manufacturers seeking in Africa?

• Gold and silver

• Rubber and petroleum

• Coal and iron

• Diamonds and copper

What role did European missionaries play in Africa during colonization?

• They focused solely on economic goals

• They discouraged Western ways

• They opened hospitals and schools

• They promoted African traditional beliefs

Which African region experienced some of the worst oppression under European colonization?

• Morocco

• South Africa

• The Congo

• Egypt

What was the main theme of Joseph Conrad's 'Heart of Darkness'?

• The beauty of African landscapes

• The cultural exchange between Europe and Africa

• The success of European colonization

• The horrors of imperialism

Which two African countries successfully resisted European colonization by the early 1900s?

• Kenya and Tanzania

• Liberia and Ethiopia

• Egypt and Sudan

• Nigeria and Ghana

What was the outcome for most of Africa after the European colonization period?

• Economic prosperity

• Continued European rule

• A long struggle for independence

• Immediate independence