Verbals: Gerunds, Participles, and Infinitives

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What is a gerund?

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A gerund is a verb form that ends in -ing and functions as a noun in a sentence. Example: 'Swimming is fun.'

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What is a participle?

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A participle is a verb form that can function as an adjective. Present participles end in -ing, while past participles usually end in -ed or -en. Example: 'The broken vase was on the table.'

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What is an infinitive?

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An infinitive is the base form of a verb, often preceded by 'to'. It can function as a noun, adjective, or adverb. Example: 'To run is my passion.'

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Identify the gerund in the sentence: 'I enjoy reading books.'

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'Reading' is the gerund.

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Identify the participle in the sentence: 'The crying baby woke everyone up.'

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'Crying' is the participle.

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Identify the infinitive in the sentence: 'She wants to dance at the party.'

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'To dance' is the infinitive.

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What is a gerund phrase?

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A gerund phrase includes a gerund and any modifiers or objects. Example: 'Running in the park is enjoyable.'

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What is a participial phrase?

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A participial phrase includes a participle and any modifiers or objects. Example: 'Shocked by the news, she sat down.'

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What is the difference between a gerund and a present participle?

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A gerund functions as a noun, while a present participle functions as an adjective or part of a verb tense.

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Provide an example of a sentence using an infinitive as a noun.

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Example: 'To travel is my dream.'