Cognitive Processes Quiz

Emma is trying to learn a new language by immersing herself in conversations, reading books, and practicing speaking. What term refers to the mental process she is using to acquire knowledge and understanding through these activities?

• Metacognition

• Cognition

• Heuristic

• Algorithm

Grace often reflects on how she approaches solving math problems. What is the term for thinking about one's own thinking processes?

• Prototype

• Schema

• Metacognition

• Assimilation

Nora is trying to understand how people categorize different types of animals. Which concept involves a mental framework that helps her organize and interpret this information?

• Schema

• Algorithm

• Heuristic

• Prototype

Olivia often finds herself in situations where she needs to make quick decisions, like choosing the fastest route to school. What is the term for a mental shortcut that allows her to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently?

• Algorithm

• Heuristic

• Divergent Thinking

• Convergent Thinking

Rohan often decides which movies to watch based on the ones he remembers seeing advertisements for recently. Which term describes this tendency to rely on immediate examples that come to a person's mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, method, or decision?

• Availability Heuristic

• Functional Fixedness

• Sunk-Cost Fallacy

• Mental Set

A mental set refers to:

• The tendency to approach situations in a certain way because that method worked in the past.

• The inability to see an object as having a function other than its usual one.

• A rule that guarantees the right solution by applying a specific formula.

• A mental shortcut that allows for quick decision making.

The tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses is known as:

• Functional fixedness

• Confirmation bias

• The misinformation effect

• Cognitive dissonance

Fixation in problem-solving refers to:

• The inability to see a problem from a new perspective.

• The tendency to use objects only in the way they are traditionally used.

• A rule that guarantees the right solution by applying a specific formula.

• A mental shortcut that allows for quick decision making.

Which cognitive process is primarily concerned with solving problems through step-by-step procedures?

• Heuristics

• Algorithms

• Fixation

• Functional fixedness

Which of the following best exemplifies a heuristic in problem-solving?

• Using a formula to calculate the area of a circle

• Guessing the answer to a multiple-choice question based on gut feeling

• Following a recipe step by step to bake a cake

• Memorizing the capitals of all countries