PCR and Gel Electrophoresis

Front

What is PCR?

Back

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a technique used to amplify a specific segment of DNA, creating millions of copies of that DNA sequence.

Front

What is the role of a restriction enzyme in DNA manipulation?

Back

Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific sequences, allowing scientists to manipulate DNA for cloning, analysis, and other applications.

Front

How many DNA copies are produced after 2 cycles of PCR?

Back

4 copies.

Front

What is gel electrophoresis used for?

Back

Gel electrophoresis is used to separate DNA fragments based on their size.

Front

What is the function of a primer in PCR?

Back

Primers are short sequences of nucleotides that provide a starting point for DNA synthesis during PCR.

Front

What is the electrical force in gel electrophoresis?

Back

The electrical force is the driving force that moves DNA fragments through the gel, separating them based on size.

Front

What happens to DNA fragments during gel electrophoresis?

Back

DNA fragments migrate through the gel matrix, with smaller fragments moving faster and farther than larger ones.

Front

What is the significance of the size of DNA fragments in gel electrophoresis?

Back

The size of DNA fragments helps in identifying and analyzing genetic material, as different sizes correspond to different genes or mutations.

Front

What is the purpose of loading dye in gel electrophoresis?

Back

Loading dye is added to DNA samples to visualize them during electrophoresis and to help track the progress of the run.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA is single-stranded and contains ribose sugar.