Chapter 11 Test Review- Honors

The control of most trade between Asia and Europe in the 1400s by Arab and Italian merchants caused

• disruption in trade of luxury goods brought overland to Europe.

• Europeans outside Italy to search for direct access to Asia.

• Renaissance curiosity to spark a major religious revival in Europe.

• Europeans outside Italy to seek direct access to North Africa.

Why did the Portuguese think that they could find an easier way to reach Asia?

• They had alliances with European nations to send out expeditions.

• They had a large country and a long tradition of Asian exploration.

• They had a large fleet and had defeated Spain in recent sea battles.

• They had expert knowledge and advanced navigational technology.

Why did Columbus reach the Caribbean islands rather than the East Indies?

• He did not know that he had sailed far off course until he landed near present-day Argentina.

• He greatly underestimated the size of Earth and did not realize that North and South America existed.

• He was unaware that Earth was a sphere and so did not pursue his plan of sailing west.

• He ran out of food and water and landed too soon.

How did the Portuguese establish footholds and trade on Africa’s coasts?

• They explored inland and then established many permanent settlements around the Indian Ocean.

• They fought sea battles with the Spanish to control access to the East African trade routes.

• They established forts and trading posts on the coast and seized key ports around the Indian Ocean.

• They formed commercial alliances with the Arabs who dominated the East African trade network.

How did Balboa’s search for a direct route to Asia differ from Magellan’s voyage?

• Balboa reached the Caribbean; Magellan first saw the Pacific.

• Balboa found Cuba; Magellan sought a “northwest passage.”

• Balboa crossed Panama; Magellan sailed around the world.

• Balboa found the Spice Islands; Magellan was shipwrecked.

What strategy or strategies did the Portuguese use most successfully in building a trading empire in South and Southeast Asia?

• alliances with other European countries

• military force against some Asian peoples; diplomatic relations with others

• invasions deep into Asian lands; then divide and conquer

• an alliance with China to drive out rival Europeans

Which statement summarizes advantages that Dutch East India Company traders had over Portuguese and Spanish traders?

• The company had helpful agreements with English merchants.

• The company was not permitted to raise armies or sign treaties.

• The company was closely supervised by the Dutch government.

• The company had sovereign powers to wage war and govern overseas territories.

Why did the Mughal emperor recognize the right of the British East India Company to collect taxes in northeastern India?

• The emperor decided that only the British could effectively collect these taxes.

• The French and Dutch East India Companies made the weak emperor grant this right.

• The British East India Company forced the weak emperor to accept this right.

• The emperor was secretly plotting with the Dutch to attack the British.

Why did Matteo Ricci make such a strong impression on the Chinese?

• He did not attempt to convert them to Christianity.

• He was a Renaissance scholar with very limited interest in China.

• He did not share information about China with curious Europeans.

• He offered them knowledge about Renaissance Europe.

Spain seizing control of the Philippines in the 1600s caused the Tokugawa shoguns to

• persecute Japanese Christians and ban European traders.

• encourage diplomatic and trade activities with the Dutch.

• limit Buddhist practices and celebration of seasonal festivals.

• dispatch an ambassador to Rome to learn about Christianity.