Science Quiz

What is the process by which nuclei with low masses are united to form nuclei with larger masses?

• nuclear fission

• nuclear fusion

• a chain reaction

• a chemical reaction

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In the United States, most power plants rely on fossil fuels, while a smaller portion utilize nuclear energy. One significant benefit of nuclear energy over fossil fuels is that —

• it produces less air pollution

• it requires less initial investment

• it generates no radioactive waste

• it is simpler to obtain permits

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Which of the following is an advantage of using nuclear plants to supply energy, rather than fossil fuel power plants?

• increase of radioactive waste

• limited possible health risks

• reduced number of workers needed

• decrease in greenhouse gases produced

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In a chemical reaction, what principle is a student applying when ensuring the equation is balanced?

• The total mass of reactants must be different from the total mass of products.

• The total number of atoms for each element must be the same on both sides of the equation.

• The total number of molecules must be identical on both sides of the equation.

• The types of elements must be different on each side of the equation.

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The weak force is weaker than all of the other fundamental forces except for the _______ force.

• gravitational

• electric

• strong

• electromagnetic

What is stated by the law of conservation of energy?

• Energy can be created and destroyed.

• Energy can be destroyed, but not created.

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

• Energy can be created, but not destroyed.

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Based on the information in the table, which conclusion about the chemical reactivity of these elements is valid?

• Boron is the most reactive because it has the most protons.

• Fluorine is the most reactive because it has 7 electrons in the outer shell.

• Silicon is the most reactive because it has an equal number of protons and neutrons.

• Gallium is the most reactive because it has many more neutrons than protons.

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Part A John is conducting a science experiment. He has 20g of baking soda, 100ml of vinegar, and a plastic container. To perform the experiment, he mixes the 20g of baking soda with 100ml of vinegar in the container and seals it. During the experiment, he makes the following observations: 1. The mixture started to bubble and fizz 2. The container felt warmer 3. The liquid turned cloudy 4. The container expanded slightly. Which observation indicated a chemical reaction occurred?

• The mixture started to bubble and fizz

• The container felt warmer

• The liquid turned cloudy

• The container expanded slightly

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The atomic masses of four element samples are shown in the table. What would be the most likely arrangement of these elements on the Periodic Table?

• 1, 2, 3, 4

• 2, 3, 4, 1

• 1, 4, 3, 2

• 4, 3, 2, 1

Based on periodic table patterns, which elements would be expected to have the largest atomic radius?

• Beryllium

• Magnesium

• Strontium

• Calcium

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