Period 5 Quiz

The territorial changes shown in the southwestern region of the map most directly resulted from.

• treaties made with American Indian nations

• the purchase of land from France and Spain

• the Spanish-American War

• the Mexican-American War

The acquisition of territory in the southwestern region shown in the map intensified controversies in the United States about

• granting free land in the new territories

• rights to mineral wealth and resources in the new territories

• extending citizenship to people already in the territories

• allowing slavery in the new territories

Question refers to the map below. Which of the following ideas contributed most directly to the territorial changes shown in the map?

• Abolitionism

• Manifest Destiny

• Popular sovereignty

• Containment

The excerpt most directly reflects which of the following developments in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century?

“We have conquered many of the neighboring tribes of Indians, but we have never thought of holding them in subjection—never of incorporating them into our Union....To incorporate Mexico, would be the very first instance of the kind of incorporating an Indian race; for more than half of the Mexicans are Indians, and the other is composed chiefly of mixed tribes.... Ours, sir, is the Government of a white race.... [I]t is professed and talked about to erect these Mexicans into a Territorial Government, and place them on an equality with the people of the United States. I protest utterly against such a project.”

Senator John C. Calhoun, “Conquest of Mexico” speech, 1848

• The end of the Spanish-American War

• Westward expansion

• The booming internal slave trade

• Increased manufacturing

Which of the following late-nineteenth-century federal actions most directly supported the ideas expressed in the excerpt?

“I believe that each of us who has his place to make should go where men are wanted, and where employment is not bestowed as alms. Of course, I say to all who are in want of work, GoWest! . . .

“On the whole I say, stay where you are; do as well as you can; and devote every spare hour to making yourself familiar with the conditions and dexterity required for the efficient conservation of out-door industry in a new country. Having mastered these, gather up your family and GoWest!”

Horace Greeley, editor of the New York Tribune, letter to R. L. Sanderson, 1871

• The passage of antitrust legislation

• The sale of land to settlers at low cost

• The exclusion of immigrants from Asia

• The purchase of silver by the United States Treasury

The trend shown in the map led most directly to which of the following?

• A decreasing gap in wealth because land ownership increased among White citizens

• Decreasing tensions between White settlers and Native Americans because expanded United States territory undercut competition

• Increasing divisions between North and South because of questions about the status of slavery in new territories

• Increasing legal immigration for Asians because the United States became a Pacific Rim country

Which of the following was a common justification in the United States for the trend depicted in the map?

• The interest in greater access to trade with the British colonies in the Americas

• The desire for better relations with Mexico

• The intention to assimilate Plains Indians into White society

• The belief in White cultural and political superiority

The excerpt best reflects which of the following historical situations?

“With regard to the northwestern States, to which the ordinance of 1787 was applied—Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan—no one now believes that any one of those States, if they thought proper to do it, has not just as much a right to introduce slavery within her borders as Virginia has a right to maintain the existence of slavery within hers.

“Then, if in this struggle of power and empire between the two classes of states a decision of California has taken place adverse to the wishes of the southern States, it is a decision not made by the General [federal] Government; it is a decision respecting which they cannot complain to the General Government. It is a decision made by California herself, and which California had incontestably a right to make under the Constitution of the United States. . . . The question of slavery, either of its introduction or interdiction, is silent as respects the action of this [federal] Government; and if it has been decided, it has been by a different body—by a different power—by California herself, who had a right to make that decision.”

Senator Henry Clay, speech in the United States Senate, 1850

• Congressional leaders sought political compromise to resolve discord between the North and the South.

• States in the Great Lakes region advocated to legalize slavery within their borders.

• Senators appealed to the idea of American exceptionalism to encourage national unity.

• The Supreme Court decision in the Dred Scott case reduced sectional conflict within the United States.

The position expressed by Clay in the excerpt best serves as evidence of which of the following?

“With regard to the northwestern States, to which the ordinance of 1787 was applied—Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan—no one now believes that any one of those States, if they thought proper to do it, has not just as much a right to introduce slavery within her borders as Virginia has a right to maintain the existence of slavery within hers.

“Then, if in this struggle of power and empire between the two classes of states a decision of California has taken place adverse to the wishes of the southern States, it is a decision not made by the General [federal] Government; it is a decision respecting which they cannot complain to the General Government. It is a decision made by California herself, and which California had incontestably a right to make under the Constitution of the United States. . . . The question of slavery, either of its introduction or interdiction, is silent as respects the action of this [federal] Government; and if it has been decided, it has been by a different body—by a different power—by California herself, who had a right to make that decision.”

Senator Henry Clay, speech in the United States Senate, 1850

• Northern politicians showed less interest in California than Southern politicians.

• The United States Senate could not agree on treaty terms with Mexico.

• The acquisition of new territories created disputes over the expansion of slavery.

• Nativist groups opposed incorporating new states into the Union.

Evidence in the excerpt best corroborates which of the following broader historical contexts?

“With regard to the northwestern States, to which the ordinance of 1787 was applied—Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Michigan—no one now believes that any one of those States, if they thought proper to do it, has not just as much a right to introduce slavery within her borders as Virginia has a right to maintain the existence of slavery within hers.

“Then, if in this struggle of power and empire between the two classes of states a decision of California has taken place adverse to the wishes of the southern States, it is a decision not made by the General [federal] Government; it is a decision respecting which they cannot complain to the General Government. It is a decision made by California herself, and which California had incontestably a right to make under the Constitution of the United States. . . . The question of slavery, either of its introduction or interdiction, is silent as respects the action of this [federal] Government; and if it has been decided, it has been by a different body—by a different power—by California herself, who had a right to make that decision.”

Senator Henry Clay, speech in the United States Senate, 1850

• Expanded trade between the East and West Coasts and with Asia divided the country in new ways.

• Abolitionist activity undermined the ability of new territories to achieve statehood.

• Southern states sought more proslavery seats in the United States Congress.

• New political parties such as the Know-Nothings threatened the system of slavery.