Chapter 8

Blood has been studied to one degree or another for thousands of years.

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In 1728, Sir William Harvey determined that there was a continuous circulation of blood within the body.

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Sir William Osler discovered platelets in 1874.

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The presence or absence of antigens on white blood cells determines a person's blood type.

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Blood is the circulating tissue consisting of two types of cells: red blood cells and platelets.

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Red blood cells:

• aid in clotting

• carry respiratory gases

• repairing damaged blood cells

• fight disease

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The immune system functions to protect our bodies by identifying cells or molecules that are foreign, such as:

• bacteria

• viruses

• parasites

• all of these

White blood cells secrete proteins:

• Known as viruses, which assist in the immune response

• known as antibodies, which assist in the immune response

• known as parasites, which assist in the immune response

• known as bacteria, which assist in the immune response

The three components of blood, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, are carried throughout the body in:

• monocytes

• basophil

• plasma

• antibodies

Blood typing is less expensive and quicker for analyzing blood evidence than DNA profiling.  Since many different people share the same type, this blood evidence is considered to be:

• individual evidence

• trace evidence

• class evidence

• biological evidence