Claims, Evidence, and Reasoning Concepts

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What is a claim?

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A claim is a statement that asserts something to be true. For example, 'Elephants use their trunks to accomplish multiple tasks.'

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What is evidence?

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Evidence is information or data that supports a claim. For example, 'At one school that recently required students to wear uniforms, attendance rates went up, and behavior incidents went down.'

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What is reasoning?

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Reasoning is the process of forming conclusions, judgments, or inferences from facts or premises. For example, 'Since the TV turned on after I put fresh batteries in the remote control, the old batteries must have been drained.'

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What is quantitative data?

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Quantitative data refers to numerical information that can be measured and quantified, such as measurements, calculations, and statistics.

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What is qualitative data?

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Qualitative data refers to descriptive information that cannot be measured numerically, such as colors, textures, and subjective opinions.

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What distinguishes a claim from evidence?

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A claim is an assertion, while evidence is the data or information that supports that assertion.

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What is an example of a claim in a scientific context?

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An example of a claim in a scientific context is 'Plants grow faster in sunlight than in shade.'

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What is an example of evidence in a scientific experiment?

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An example of evidence in a scientific experiment is the recorded growth rates of plants measured in centimeters.

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What is the purpose of reasoning in an argument?

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The purpose of reasoning in an argument is to connect the claim and evidence, explaining why the evidence supports the claim.

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What is an observation?

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An observation is a statement based on what one sees, hears, or experiences, often used to gather data.