Protein synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells create proteins, involving two main steps: transcription and translation.

Front

What is transcription in protein synthesis?

Back

The first step of protein synthesis where the DNA sequence is copied into mRNA.

Front

What is translation in protein synthesis?

Back

The second step of protein synthesis where the mRNA sequence is decoded to form a polypeptide chain (protein).

Front

What is the role of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of tRNA?

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tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during translation, matching them to the mRNA codons.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that corresponds to a specific amino acid.

Front

What is an amino acid?

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The building blocks of proteins, which are linked together in a specific sequence to form a protein.

Front

What is the genetic code?

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The set of rules by which information encoded in mRNA is translated into proteins, consisting of codons.

Front

What is the significance of the start codon?

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The start codon (AUG) signals the beginning of translation and codes for the amino acid methionine.

Front

What is the significance of the stop codon?

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Stop codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) signal the end of translation, terminating protein synthesis.