Labor Relations

An employee performs activities that are usually necessary in the usual business or trade of the employer.

• Regular

• Project

• Fixed

• Seasonal

The employee renders service for a definite period of time and the employment contract must be terminated after such period expires.

• Regular

• Project

• Fixed

• Seasonal

is when the work to be performed is only for a certain time or season of the year and the employment is only for that duration.

• Regular

• Project

• Fixed

• Seasonal

is defined when an employee is hired for a specific project or undertaking, and the employment duration is specified by the scope of work and/or length of the project.

• Regular

• Project

• Fixed

• Seasonal

When an employee is engaged to perform a job or service which is merely incidental to the business of the employer, and such job or service is for a definite period made known to the employee at the same time of engagement.

• Regular

• Casual

• Fixed

• Seasonal

Refers to step-by-step process of dismissing or separating an employee.

• Procedural

• Substantive

• Casual

• Seasonal

Refers to the valid and lawful grounds to dismiss or separate an employee.

• Procedural

• Substantive

• Casual

• Seasonal

No employer shall pay the wages of an employee by means of promissory notes, vouchers, coupons, tokens, tickets, chits, or any object other than legal tender, even when expressly requested by the employee

• Article 102

• Article 113

• Article 112

• Article 214

The misconduct must be of such grave and aggravated character;

It must relate to the performance of the employee’s duties

There must be proof that the employee becomes unfit to continue working for the employer.

• Serious Misconduct

• Crime

• Insubordination

• Gross Habitual Neglect of Duties

The order violated must be reasonable, lawful, and made known to the employee

The order must pertain to the duties which he/she has been engaged to discharge.

• Serious Misconduct

• Crime

• Insubordination

• Gross Habitual Neglect of Duties