Questions on Globalization of Labout

The term "brain drain" refers to

• The return of Overseas Vietnamese.

• The shortage of required labour.

• The emigration of skilled and educated individuals from Vietnam, often seeking better opportunities abroad

• Migration of low-skilled workers from Vietnam abroad.

Answer explanation

Recent statistics from the Migration Profile 2023 reveal that up to 80% of self-financed Vietnamese students do not come back after completing their education abroad. This number also reflects the trend of the majority of overseas students, as 90% of Vietnamese pursue education abroad with their own self-financed funds, according to an overview report.

A traditional skill shortage

• occurs when there are enough individuals with the required technical skills who are not currently using them; however, they are unwilling to apply for the available job

• occurs when employers experience difficulty filling job vacancies due to an insufficient number of candidates possessing the required skills, qualifications, or experience

• is a general shortage of people in the workforce

• occurs when hen there are enough candidates with the necessary technical skills, but they lack other qualities that employers consider critical for success in the role.

Migrants are overrepresented in the --------- Labor Market.

What does decent work mean to you?

Answer explanation

Decent work means dignity, equality, a fair income and safe working conditions. Decent work puts people at the centre of development.

What would make gig work decent, in your opinion?

What are the struggles migrant workers face when working abroad?

Answer explanation

Please note the characteristics of the secondary labour market:

Low wages and little or no fringe benefits

Little skill required from workers

Weak or non-existent employee unions

Limited autonomy

Poor working conditions

Little job security

Limited mobility chances (no career ladders)

What is a skill shortage?

Answer explanation

A skill shortage occurs when, although workers may be available, they lack the specific skills or qualifications required for the available jobs.

Level 1 Skill shortage ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ l ​ ​ ​

• a long training time to develop the skills.
• skilled but are not willing to apply
• a short training time to develop the skills
• skilled but lack important qualities

The term "brain gain" refers to

• The increase in the number of low-skilled workers in a country.

• The return of expatriates to their home country.

• The emigration of unskilled workers from a country.

• The influx of skilled and educated individuals into a country.

A skills mismatch occurs when

• there are more job vacancies than qualified candidates.

• employees possess the necessary skills but lack experience.

• there is a general shortage of jobs in the market.

• there are enough individuals with the required technical skills who are not currently using them; however, they are unwilling to apply for the available jobs.