Topic 3: Rocks & Minerals

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1. Molten hot magma that cools very slowly underground can cause ______________ in intrusive igneous rock.

• mineral layering
• glass-like formations
• settling of precious metals
• the formation of large crystals

2. Rocks are composed of different kinds of _________.

• soils
• sands
• minerals
• water crystals

3. This rock appears to have formed in materials deposited in water that got compacted and cemented together. It is most likely a/an _____________ rock.

• igneous
• metamorphic
• pyroclastic
• sedimentary

4. The Culpepper basin in Virginia, as well as some smaller basins near Richmond, have many rocks filled with fish fossils and dinosaur tracks. These rocks are MOST LIKELY..... (Which rock type contains fossils?)

• igneous
• intrusive
• sedimentary
• metamorphic

5. A great deal of the Blue Ridge Mountains were eroded. The eroded rock eventually settled in Virginia’s coastal plain. What process - in which sediment collects or drops / settles out of water into layers - caused this?

• deposition
• folding
• subduction
• volcanism

6. Rocks in and on the Earth are constantly changing because of both physical and chemical processes. The continual change in & recycling of rocks on Earth is called

• erosion
• weathering
• the rock cycle
• the mineral cycle

7. What causes sedimentary rock to change into metamorphic rock? (What process forms metamorphic rock?)

• cooling
• melting
• heat and pressure
• weathering and erosion