Advanced RE techs-DKU-DEC2024

What is the primary function of a Virtual Power Plant (VPP)?

• Build centralized power plants

• Coordinate decentralized energy resources to provide grid services

• Generate large-scale hydroelectric power

• Replace fossil fuels completely

What is one major limitation of lithium-ion batteries in energy storage?

• They are too light for transport

• They have limited storage durations and high costs

• They cannot be used for backup power

• They generate high emissions during use

Which sector is particularly difficult to decarbonize due to its reliance on high-energy-density fuels?

• Residential heating

• Aviation and shipping

• Electric vehicles

• Wind power

What is synthetic inertia and how do wind turbines provide it?

• Using battery reserves

• Drawing energy from rotating blades

• Increasing solar inverter output

• Reducing kinetic energy of boilers

Which system provides the fastest frequency response for grid stability?

• Automatic Frequency Restoration Reserve (aFRR)

• Frequency Containment Reserve (FCR)

• Manual Frequency Restoration Reserve (mFRR)

• Redispatch Mechanism

What is flexibility in energy systems?

• Ability to generate electricity only from renewables

• Capability to adjust generation or consumption in response to changes

• Ensuring fossil fuels remain in use

• None of the above

Which of the following describes 'balancing' flexibility needs?

• Frequency control within seconds

• Addressing load variations over minutes to days

• Ensuring sufficient capacity for extreme conditions

• Replacing traditional power plants

How does 'sector coupling' enhance energy system flexibility?

• By reducing electricity generation from renewables

• By connecting electricity systems to other sectors like heat and transport

• By relying solely on fossil fuels for stability

• By decoupling electricity from other sectors

What is the purpose of synthetic inertia?

• To mimic the physical inertia of traditional generators and stabilize grid frequency

• To increase fossil fuel usage

• To store electricity for long periods

• To generate heat from renewable energy

Which of these strategies is an example of demand-side flexibility?

• Geographic dispersion of VRE

• Time-of-use pricing

• Improved VRE forecasting

• Co-optimizing hydro and thermal resources