Allele Frequency, Hardy-Weinberg, and Genetic Drift

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What is allele frequency?

Back

The proportion of a specific allele among all allele copies in a population.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

Front

What are the five assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Back

1. Large population size 2. No mutations 3. No migration 4. Random mating 5. No natural selection

Front

What does it mean if a population is in genetic equilibrium?

Back

It means the population is not evolving.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Front

What is genetic drift?

Back

A mechanism of evolution that refers to random changes in allele frequencies in a population.

Front

What is a bottleneck effect?

Back

A sharp reduction in the size of a population due to environmental events or human activities, leading to a loss of genetic diversity.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Front

What is the founder effect?

Back

A reduction in genetic diversity that occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population.

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What is natural selection?

Back

The process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-4

Front

What is random mating?

Back

A mating system where individuals pair by chance, not according to their genotypes or phenotypes.

Front

How do mutations affect allele frequency?

Back

Mutations introduce new alleles into a population, potentially altering allele frequencies.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Front

What is the significance of large population sizes in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Back

Large populations minimize the impact of genetic drift, helping maintain allele frequencies.