Đề cương EMCC

How does El Niño typically affect weather patterns in Vietnam?

• A. Increased rainfall and cooler temperatures

• B. Decreased rainfall and higher temperatures, leading to drought

• C. Increased typhoon activity and flooding

• D. Stronger winter monsoons with cooler condition

What is the primary role of the IPCC?

• A. To implement global climate policies and enforce international treaties

• B. To provide scientific assessments on climate change, including its impacts, risks, and potential responses

• C. To monitor greenhouse gas emissions and penalize countries for exceeding limits

• D. To conduct climate-related research and fund climate change mitigation projects

Which of the following is a key principle guiding the UNFCCC’s approach to climate change?

• A. Polluter Pays Principle

• B. Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC)

• 
  C. Sustainable Development Goals

• 
  D. Precautionary Principle

Which sector is the largest contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions?

• A. Transportation

• 
  B. Agriculture

• 
  C. Energy production (burning of fossil fuels)

• 
  D. Waste management

What is the current approximate concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere, according to recent measurements?

• A. 200 parts per million (ppm)

• 
  B. 280 parts per million (ppm)

• 
  C. 420 parts per million (ppm)

• 
  D. 500 parts per million (ppm)

Which of the following greenhouse gases is primarily released through agricultural activities, such as rice farming and livestock production?

• A. Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)

• 
  B. Methane (CH₄)

• 
  C. Nitrous Oxide (N₂O)

• 
  D. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Which natural process acts as a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO₂)?

• A. Volcanic eruptions

• 
  B. Ocean absorption and photosynthesis by plants

• C. Melting of polar ice caps
  

• 
  D. Deforestation

Milankovitch cycles, which affect Earth's climate over long timescales, involve changes in:

• A. Earth's magnetic field

• 
  B. Solar energy output

• 
  C. Earth's orbit, axial tilt, and precession

• 
  D. Ocean currents

The long-term cooling trend of Earth’s climate over millions of years can be partially attributed to:

• A. Increased volcanic activity

• 
  B. The gradual movement of tectonic plates affecting ocean currents

• 
  C. Increased solar radiation reaching Earth

• 
  D. A continuous rise in methane levels from wetlands

Which of the following best describes the process of how greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere?

• A. Greenhouse gases absorb ultraviolet radiation and release it as visible light.

• 
  B. Greenhouse gases allow incoming solar radiation to pass through but absorb and re-radiate infrared radiation emitted from the Earth's surface.

• 
  C. Greenhouse gases reflect incoming solar radiation back into space, preventing heat from entering the atmosphere.

• 
  D. Greenhouse gases cool the Earth's surface by enhancing the escape of thermal energy.