8 Kinetic Particle Model of Matter 2019 [EUT]

Why can a gas be compressed easily into a smaller volume?

• The molecules are far apart.

• The molecules do not attract each other.

• The molecules move randomly.

• The volume of each molecule can be reduced.

When a liquid evaporates, some molecules escape. The temperature of the remaining liquid changes. What is the effect on the temperature and from where do the molecules escape?

• Temperature decreases, molecules escape from everywhere within the liquid.

• Temperature decreases, molecules escape from the surface only.

• Temperature increases, molecules escape from everywhere within the liquid.

• Temperature increases, molecules escape from the surface only.

A sample of mercury is heated. In which states of matter will its volume increase as its temperature rises?

• Gas only

• Liquid and gas only

• Solid and liquid only

• Solid, liquid and gas

When water evaporates, what escapes from the surface of the water?

• individual atoms

• individual molecules

• individual protons

• tiny drops of water

Which statement is correct?

• A solid can flow.

• A solid can be compressed easily.

• A solid has a fixed shape.

• A solid takes the shape of its container.

On a hot summer day, the level of the water in a pond falls. Which statement explains this?

• The least energetic water molecules escape from the surface and do not return.

• The least energetic water molecules escape from the surface and then return.

• The most energetic water molecules escape from the surface and do not return.

• The most energetic water molecules escape from the surface and then return.

A stationary smoke particle is hit by a fast-moving nitrogen molecule. Which row describes the motion of the smoke particle and of the nitrogen molecule after the collision?

• Smoke particle: moves, Nitrogen molecule: rebounds

• Smoke particle: moves, Nitrogen molecule: stops

• Smoke particle: remains stationary, Nitrogen molecule: rebounds

• Smoke particle: remains stationary, Nitrogen molecule: stops

At room temperature, iron is difficult to compress. At the same temperature, oxygen is much easier to compress. Which comparison of the structures of iron and oxygen explains this?

• The iron particles are closer together.

• The iron particles have a greater mass.

• The iron particles can be magnetized.

• The iron particles have less average kinetic energy.

Water in a beaker evaporates when it is left on a bench for a period of time. Increasing the surface area and increasing the temperature of the water each change the rate of evaporation. Which row is correct?

• Increasing the surface area: rate of evaporation decreases, Increasing the temperature: rate of evaporation decreases

• Increasing the surface area: rate of evaporation decreases, Increasing the temperature: rate of evaporation increases

• Increasing the surface area: rate of evaporation increases, Increasing the temperature: rate of evaporation decreases

• Increasing the surface area: rate of evaporation increases, Increasing the temperature: rate of evaporation increases

A bubble of gas is formed deep under water. The bubble has a volume of 40 cm³ and the pressure inside the bubble is P. The bubble rises up through the water. The volume of the bubble increases to 56 cm³ and the pressure becomes 100 kPa. The temperature of the gas does not change. What is the initial pressure P?

• 71 Pa

• 71 kPa

• 140 Pa

• 140 kPa