What is the main function of the Memory-Management Unit (MMU)?

• Temporarily store data in main memory

• Map logical addresses to physical addresses at runtime

• Manage the CPU task scheduling table

• Ensure memory security against intrusions

What is the primary difference between a logical address and a physical address?

• A logical address is generated by the CPU, while a physical address is seen by the memory unit.
  
  

• A logical address is only used for input/output operations.
  
  

• Physical addresses are always smaller than logical addresses.

• Logical addresses are used only in specific operating systems.

Which of the following memory allocation strategies highly vulnerable to large size of internal fragmentation?

• Paging

• Fixed partition allocation
  
  

• Dynamic partition allocation

• Segmentation

What does external fragmentation refer to in memory management?

• Wasted memory within a partition

• Unused memory scattered across the system but not contiguous

• Overhead caused by memory translation

• Memory errors due to invalid accesses

In swapping, what is the backing store?

• High-speed storage to hold temporary data
  
  

• A fast disk large enough to store memory images of all processes

• A section of RAM reserved for swapping

• A type of virtual memory for high-priority tasks

Which of the following placement algorithms allocates the smallest hole that fits a process?

• First-fit

• Best-fit

• Worst-fit

• Next-fit

What is a major disadvantage of dynamic partition allocation?

• Internal fragmentation

• External fragmentation

• Limited memory space

• Fixed memory size for partitions

What is the purpose of a segment table in segmentation?

• Translate logical addresses into physical addresses
  
  

• Store details about allocated and free partitions
  
  

• Indicate valid or invalid segments in memory

• Manage swapping of processes

In paging, what is the relationship between page size and frame size?

• Frame size must always be larger than page size.
  
  

• Frame size must always be smaller than page size.
  
  

• Page size and frame size must be equal.

• There is no specific relationship between them

What is a disadvantage of segmentation?

• Simplified address translation

• Avoidance of internal fragmentation

• Memory allocation based on logical modules

• external fragmentation