DNA and RNA Structure and Function

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What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

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The central dogma of molecular biology describes the flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA to proteins.

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What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life.

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What is RNA?

Back

RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is a molecule that plays a crucial role in the synthesis of proteins and can act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA.

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What is transcription?

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Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

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What is translation?

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Translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

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What are the four bases of DNA?

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The four bases of DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

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What are the complementary base pairs in DNA?

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The complementary base pairs in DNA are Adenine-Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine-Guanine (C-G).

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What is mRNA?

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mRNA (messenger RNA) is the type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.

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What is tRNA?

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tRNA (transfer RNA) is the type of RNA that brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

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What is rRNA?

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rRNA (ribosomal RNA) is a component of ribosomes, which are the sites of protein synthesis.