Front

What is the purpose of random assignment in experiments?

Back

To create roughly equivalent groups before treatments are administered.

Front

What does it mean if a difference is not statistically significant?

Back

It means it is likely to get this difference simply by chance.

Front

What do we call the subjects of an experiment?

Back

Experimental Units.

Front

Why do we use a control group in experiments?

Back

To provide a baseline for comparing the effect of the treatment(s).

Front

What is confounding in an experiment?

Back

It occurs when the effects of two or more variables are mixed together, making it difficult to determine the effect of each variable.

Front

What is a response variable?

Back

The outcome that is measured in an experiment.

Front

What is a factor in an experiment?

Back

A variable that is manipulated to determine its effect on the response variable.

Front

What is the placebo effect?

Back

A phenomenon where participants experience changes simply because they believe they are receiving treatment.

Front

What is sampling variability?

Back

The natural variation in results that occurs when different samples are taken from the same population.

Front

What is the difference between random sampling error and nonsampling error?

Back

Random sampling error occurs due to chance when selecting a sample, while nonsampling error arises from other factors like measurement errors.