Lesson 10-1 A New Party in Power

Which two candidates tied in the electoral vote during the election of 1800?

• Thomas Jefferson and John Adams

• Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr

• John Adams and Charles Pinckney

• James Madison and Alexander Hamilton

Answer explanation

In the election of 1800, Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr both received 73 electoral votes, resulting in a tie. This led to a contingent election in the House of Representatives, ultimately electing Jefferson as President.

How did the Electoral College function in the presidential election of 1800?

• To directly choose the president and vice president

• To cast votes that determine the president and vice president

• To resolve the election if there was no majority

• To propose candidates for the presidency

Answer explanation

In the presidential election of 1800, the Electoral College cast votes to determine the president and vice president. This process was crucial in deciding the outcome of a highly contested election between Thomas Jefferson and John Adams.

What did the Twelfth Amendment change about the election process?

• It allowed for a direct public vote.

• It separated the votes for president and vice president.

• It eliminated the Electoral College.

• It required a unanimous decision.

Answer explanation

The Twelfth Amendment changed the election process by separating the votes for president and vice president, ensuring that each office is voted on independently, which was a response to issues in earlier elections.

What was one of Jefferson's goals during his presidency?

• To increase the size of the federal government

• To limit the power and size of the federal government

• To expand the military

• To increase federal taxes

Answer explanation

One of Jefferson's main goals was to limit the power and size of the federal government, reflecting his belief in states' rights and a more agrarian society, contrasting with the Federalists' approach.

How did Jefferson view the revenue from the sale of western lands?

• It should be used to pay off national debt

• It should be distributed among the states

• It should be invested in infrastructure

• It should be returned to the original inhabitants

Answer explanation

Jefferson believed that revenue from western land sales should be used to pay off the national debt, as it was crucial for the financial stability of the young nation.

What did the Court decide in Worcester v. Georgia?

• States could regulate Native Americans.

• Only the federal government had power over Native American affairs.

• States could tax federal institutions.

• The Constitution was not the supreme law of the land.

Answer explanation

In Worcester v. Georgia, the Court ruled that only the federal government had authority over Native American affairs, affirming that states could not impose their laws on Native American nations.

What principle did the ruling in Marbury v. Madison establish?

• The right to bear arms

• Judicial review

• Freedom of speech

• Separation of church and state

Answer explanation

The ruling in Marbury v. Madison established the principle of judicial review, which allows the Supreme Court to invalidate laws and actions that are contrary to the Constitution.

What was William Marbury seeking from the Supreme Court?

• A new law

• Delivery of his commission

• A presidential pardon

• A change in the Constitution

Answer explanation

William Marbury was seeking the delivery of his commission as a justice of the peace, which had not been finalized. This case led to the landmark Supreme Court decision in Marbury v. Madison.

What did the Court rule in Gibbons v. Ogden about state law?

• State law is supreme.

• State law is equal to federal law.

• Federal law overrules state law.

• State law can ignore federal law.

Answer explanation

In Gibbons v. Ogden, the Court ruled that federal law overrules state law, establishing the supremacy of federal authority in matters of interstate commerce.

What did John Marshall help expand during his term as Chief Justice?

• State power

• Federal and Court power

• Presidential power

• Legislative power

Answer explanation

John Marshall, as Chief Justice, significantly expanded federal and court power through landmark decisions like Marbury v. Madison, which established judicial review, reinforcing the authority of the federal judiciary.