Retinal Artery Occlusion Quiz

What is the most common cause of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (CRAO)?

• Emboli from the carotid artery

• Atherosclerosis-related thrombosis

• Angiospasm

• Thrombophilic disorders

Which type of emboli is characterized as refractile and orange?

• Cholesterol emboli

• Calcium emboli

• Platelet fibrin emboli

• Thrombophilic emboli

What is a rare cause of retinal artery occlusion associated with amaurosis?

• Atherosclerosis

• Angiospasm

• Emboli

• Retinal arteritis

What percentage of CRAO cases are classified as central retinal artery occlusion?

• 5%

• 90%

• 60%

• 35%

What is the typical visual acuity in CRAO cases?

• 1/60

• 20/20

• 3/60

• 6/60

Which sign is absent in cases of CRAO?

• Fundus examination changes

• Visual acuity reduction

• Direct pupillary reflex

• Relative afferent pupillary defect

What is the appearance of the retina in CRAO during fundus examination?

• Milky white due to ischaemic oedema

• Yellowish discoloration

• Normal color

• Bright red

What is the cherry-red spot in CRAO indicative of?

• Neovascularization

• Vascular choroid shining through

• Retinal detachment

• Intraocular pressure increase

Which treatment is recommended for acute episodes of CRAO within 24 hours?

• Oral medications only

• Observation only

• Aggressive treatment

• Immediate surgery

What is the role of intravenous mannitol in CRAO management?

• To increase intraocular pressure

• To lower intraocular pressure

• To induce vasodilation

• To enhance visual acuity