FCLE Practice exam 2

Which case established the principle of judicial review?

• Marbury v. Madison

• Plessy v. Ferguson

• Brown v. Board of Education

• McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer explanation

The case Marbury v. Madison (1803) established the principle of judicial review, allowing the Supreme Court to invalidate laws that conflict with the Constitution, thereby affirming its role in the American legal system.

What does the First Amendment protect?

• Right to bear arms

• Protection against self-incrimination

• Freedom of speech and religion

• Right to a speedy and public trial

Answer explanation

The First Amendment protects freedoms concerning religion and expression, including the right to free speech and the free exercise of religion. The other options relate to different amendments.

In which case did the Supreme Court rule that "separate but equal" facilities were constitutional?

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Roe v. Wade

• Plessy v. Ferguson

• Miranda v. Arizona

Answer explanation

The Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that "separate but equal" facilities for races were constitutional, establishing a legal precedent for racial segregation.

Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

• 13th Amendment

• 14th Amendment

• 15th Amendment

• 19th Amendment

Answer explanation

The 13th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States, making it illegal. The 14th and 15th Amendments focus on citizenship and voting rights, while the 19th Amendment grants women the right to vote.

What was the significant outcome of the case Roe v. Wade?

• Established the right to privacy under the due process clause of the 14th Amendment

• Overturned "separate but equal" doctrine

• Established the principle of judicial review

• Upheld the constitutionality of the Affordable Care Act

Answer explanation

The significant outcome of Roe v. Wade was the establishment of the right to privacy under the due process clause of the 14th Amendment, which allowed women the legal right to choose to have an abortion.

Which case ruled that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," is inadmissible in state courts?

• Gideon v. Wainwright

• Mapp v. Ohio

• Miranda v. Arizona

• Tinker v. Des Moines

Answer explanation

Mapp v. Ohio ruled that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment is inadmissible in state courts, establishing the exclusionary rule at the state level.

What does the Tenth Amendment state?

• Powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

• The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.

• The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

• Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.

Answer explanation

The Tenth Amendment reserves powers not given to the federal government by the Constitution, nor prohibited to the states, to the states or the people. This choice accurately reflects its content.

Which Supreme Court case established the principle that the federal government has implied powers beyond those specifically mentioned in the Constitution?

• Marbury v. Madison

• McCulloch v. Maryland

• Gibbons v. Ogden

• United States v. Nixon

Answer explanation

The Supreme Court case McCulloch v. Maryland established that the federal government has implied powers beyond those explicitly stated in the Constitution, affirming the use of the Necessary and Proper Clause.

What was the legal significance of the case Miranda v. Arizona?

• It ruled that segregation in public schools was unconstitutional.

• It established that evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment could not be used in court.

• It required that criminal suspects be advised of their rights upon arrest.

• It determined that the death penalty was unconstitutional.

Answer explanation

The case Miranda v. Arizona established that criminal suspects must be informed of their rights, including the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney, upon arrest, ensuring protection against self-incrimination.

Which amendment guarantees the right to a fair and speedy public trial by jury?

• Fourth Amendment

• Sixth Amendment

• Eighth Amendment

• Tenth Amendment

Answer explanation

The Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to a fair and speedy public trial by jury, ensuring that individuals receive a prompt and impartial hearing in criminal cases.