Latin American Wars for Independence

What was the 'monster of oppression' in Saint-Domingue in the late 18th century?

• The French monarchy

• The system of slavery and social inequality

• The British Empire

• The plantation economy

Which group held most of the political and economic power in Saint-Domingue before the Haitian Revolution?

• Enslaved Africans

• Maroons

• Grand blancs and petit blancs

• Gens de couleur libres

Which of the following helped inspire the Haitian Revolution?

• The American Revolution

• The Napoleonic Wars

• The Enlightenment's ideals of liberty and equality

• The English Civil War

How did the French Revolution influence the Haitian Revolution?

• It sent French troops to Saint-Domingue to protect the colony.

• The call for “liberty, equality, fraternity” inspired the enslaved to rise up.

• The French monarchy granted freedom to all slaves in the colonies.

• It had no influence on the Haitian Revolution.

What was the significance of the Constitution of 1801 drafted by Toussaint L’Ouverture?

• It restored French control over Saint-Domingue.

• It abolished slavery and declared L’Ouverture the governor-general for life.

• It declared Haiti’s independence from France.

• It reinstated the monarchy in Saint-Domingue.

Why did Napoleon Bonaparte send troops to Saint-Domingue in 1802?

• To support the revolutionaries in their fight for freedom

• To restore slavery and reassert French control over the colony

• To negotiate a peaceful agreement with Toussaint L’Ouverture

• To promote trade and economic partnerships

What was the outcome of the Haitian Revolution?

• The revolution failed, and France retained control of Saint-Domingue.

• Haiti became the first black republic and the first nation to achieve independence through a successful slave revolt.

• Slavery was abolished, but Haiti remained a French colony.

• Haiti gained independence but was later reconquered by France.

What was a primary cause of the Mexican War of Independence?

• Napoleon’s invasion of Mexico

• The abolition of the caste system in New Spain

• Enlightenment ideas of liberty and equality

• The success of the American Revolution

What role did Father Miguel Hidalgo play in the Mexican War of Independence?

• He led the Spanish colonial army against the revolutionaries.

• He issued the 'Cry of Dolores,' sparking the Mexican revolution.

• He helped establish the Plan of Iguala with Iturbide.

• He led the negotiations with Spain for peaceful independence.

How did the Bourbon Reforms contribute to the Mexican War of Independence?

• They gave more political power to criollos, reducing the tension.

• They imposed higher taxes and centralized power, leading to unrest.

• They abolished the caste system, which angered the peninsulares.

• They declared Mexico independent from Spain.