Understanding Supervolcanoes and Eruptions

What significant event occurred in January 2022 related to volcanic activity?

• A volcanic eruption on Mount Etna

• The Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai eruption

• The eruption of Mount Vesuvius

• The eruption of Mount St. Helens

What is the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) level of the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai eruption?

• VEI 3

• VEI 4

• VEI 5

• VEI 6

How many supervolcanoes around the world are capable of eruptions a thousand times larger than the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha'apai eruption?

• 5

• 8

• 10

• 12

What historical volcanic eruption led to the "Year Without a Summer" in 1816?

• Krakatoa eruption

• Mount St. Helens eruption

• Tambora eruption

• Mount Pinatubo eruption

What is the estimated recurrence interval for large-scale volcanic eruptions according to new studies?

• Every 100 years

• Every 300 years

• Every 600 years

• Every 1000 years

What is the proposed engineering solution to prevent a supervolcano from erupting, as discussed by Brian Wilcox?

• Building a large dome over the volcano

• Drilling holes around the magma chamber to cool it

• Diverting lava flows with barriers

• Using explosives to release pressure

How long would it take to fully cool down a supervolcano's magma chamber using Brian Wilcox's proposed method?

• 10,000 years

• 20,000 years

• 50,000 years

• 100,000 years

What unexpected event occurred when a power company in Iceland drilled into a live magma chamber?

• It triggered a volcanic eruption

• It caused an earthquake

• It produced a large amount of energy

• It resulted in a geyser eruption