2025-26 Earth Science Mid-Term Review

Why is Earth’s outer core inferred to be a liquid?

• Compressional waves can pass through the outer core.

• Compressional waves cannot pass through the outer core.

• Shear waves can pass through the outer core.

• Shear waves cannot pass through the outer core.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

NGSS.HS-ESS2-3

Which of the following is a true claim that can be made about the layers of the Earth?

• Temperature increases as pressure decreases with depth

• As depth increases density and pressure increase

• Earthquake waves can travel through all layers of the Earth

• The innermost layers are liquid due to the heat melting rock into magma

Which of the following on page 2 of the ESSRT are completed in the same amount of time?

• Mercury's Period of Revolution and Mars Period of Rotation at the Equator

• Earth's Period of Rotation at the Equator and Mar's Period of Rotation at the Equator

• The Moon's Period of Revolution and The Moon's Period of Rotation at the Equator

• Jupiter's Period of Rotation at the Equator and Saturn's Period of Rotation at the Equator

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

The upper diagram shows the spectral lines of an element found in a lab, the lower ones observed from a distant galaxy.

• The light has red shifted in the lower diagram.

• The light has blue shifted in the lower diagram.

• The element has changed due to observation.

• These two spectral lines samples are unrelated.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

The upper diagram shows the spectral lines of an element found in a lab, the lower ones observed from a distant galaxy. They provide evidence for which of the following claims?

• The galaxy is moving closer to the observer

• The light in the galaxy is more violet in color

• The galaxy is moving away from the observer

• The light in the galaxy is more red in color

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The diagram below represents planets A and B, of equal mass, revolving around a star. Select the two true statements.

• Planet A has a stronger gravitational attraction to the star and Planet A a shorter period of revolution

• Planet B has a stronger gravitational attraction to the star and Planet B a shorter period of revolution

• Planet A has a stronger gravitational attraction to the star and Planet B a shorter period of revolution

• Planet B has a stronger gravitational attraction to the star and Planet A a shorter period of revolution

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

The diagram below represents planets A and B, of equal mass, revolving around a star. Select the false statement

• Planet A travels slower than Planet B because it is closer.

• The size of the planet doesn't affect the speed of the orbit, the distance from the sun does.

• Both planets will use the sun as one of its foci.

• Both planets will travel at their slowest orbital speed when they are at aphelion in their orbit

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Below is a diagram of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The youngest basalt rock formed by the ridge is found at location

• A

• B

• C

• D

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5

NGSS.HS-ESS2-1

Below is a diagram of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. If points A and D are equal distant from the ridge and B is closer than A and D then which statement is true?

• A and D would have the same polarity and B would have the same polarity as D.

• A and D would have the opposite polarity and B would have the same polarity as D.

• A and D would have the same polarity and B could have the opposite polarity of them.

• A and D would have the same polarity and B could have the same polarity as A but never D.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-2

NGSS.MS-ESS2-3

Using the diagram below, determine which statement is true.

• The oldest rocks are found along the coasts of North America

• The further south you go, the younger the rocks become.

• The east side of the Rockies has older rocks than the west side.

• All rocks that come into contact with water are the same age.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-5