Understanding Aquifers and Groundwater Threats

Which of the following is a characteristic of a confined aquifer?

• It is directly recharged by surface water.

• It is sandwiched between two impermeable layers.

• It is more susceptible to contamination from surface activities.

• It has a water table that fluctuates with precipitation.

What is the primary difference between an unconfined aquifer and a confined aquifer?

• Unconfined aquifers are found only in coastal regions.

• Confined aquifers have a higher rate of recharge.

• Unconfined aquifers have a water table, while confined aquifers do not.

• Confined aquifers are more easily contaminated.

Which of the following is a major threat to groundwater quality?

• Over-extraction of groundwater.

• Natural filtration through soil.

• Presence of aquitards.

• Industrial pollution and agricultural runoff.

What historical trend has been observed in groundwater levels in many agricultural regions?

• Groundwater levels have remained stable.

• Groundwater levels have increased due to better irrigation practices.

• Groundwater levels have decreased due to over-extraction.

• Groundwater levels have increased due to reduced agricultural activity.

Which type of aquifer is most likely to be affected by seasonal changes in precipitation?

• Confined aquifer

• Artesian aquifer

• Unconfined aquifer

• Perched aquifer

What is an aquitard?

• A layer of rock or sediment that allows water to flow freely.

• A layer that restricts the flow of groundwater.

• A type of aquifer with high permeability.

• A zone of saturation above the main water table.

Which of the following is a common method for assessing groundwater contamination?

• Satellite imaging

• Soil moisture analysis

• Groundwater modeling

• Water quality testing

What is the primary cause of saltwater intrusion into coastal aquifers?

• Excessive rainfall

• Over-pumping of freshwater

• Natural tidal movements

• Construction of seawalls

Which of the following best describes the term "groundwater recharge"?

• The process of extracting water from an aquifer.

• The natural replenishment of an aquifer by precipitation or surface water.

• The contamination of groundwater by pollutants.

• The artificial injection of water into an aquifer.

Which of the layers is composed of impermeable material?

• Layer B: the unconfined aquifer

• Layer C: the unconfined aquifer

• Layer C: the confining layer

• Layer D: the unconfined aquifer

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