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SBA for PICA 2025

Authored by NUR FARIZA RAMLY

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SBA for PICA 2025
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20 questions

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1.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

45 sec • 1 pt

A 35-year-old man undergoes echocardiography. The pressure-volume loop shows an increase in end-diastolic volume with no change in end-systolic volume.
What is the most likely explanation?

Increased preload

Increased afterload

Decreased contractility

Increased heart rate

2.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A patient is given intravenous fluids rapidly to increase cardiac output.
What is the effect of increased venous return on the heart?

Increased stroke volume

Decreased cardiac contractility

Increased heart rate

Decreased preload

3.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A 50-year-old male stands up quickly and feels dizzy for a moment.
Which mechanism restores his blood pressure to normal?

Increased vagal tone

Decreased sympathetic tone

Baroreceptor-mediated vasoconstriction

Reduced cardiac output

4.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A patient with coronary artery disease experiences chest pain during exertion.
What determines myocardial oxygen demand?

Cardiac output

Heart rate and contractility

Systemic vascular resistance

Pulmonary capillary pressure

5.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A patient with left-sided heart failure develops pulmonary edema.
What is the primary mechanism?

Increased oncotic pressure

Decreased alveolar pressure

Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure

Decreased lymphatic drainage

6.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A patient with interstitial lung disease has reduced lung volumes and difficulty breathing.

What best explains the decreased compliance in this condition?

Increased airway resistance

Increased elastic recoil

Decreased surfactant production

Increased functional residual capacity

7.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A patient on mechanical ventilation has high peak airway pressures but normal PaCO2.
What is the likely cause of this observation?

Increased dead space ventilation

Hypoventilation

Decreased functional residual capacity

Normal alveolar ventilation

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