BIG BANG REVIEW

The Milky Way is one of more than ____ galaxies that make up the universe.

• 125 million

• 125 thousand

• 125 billion

• 125 trillion

Answer explanation

The Milky Way is one of more than 125 billion galaxies in the universe. This estimate reflects the vast number of galaxies discovered through advanced telescopes, making '125 billion' the correct choice.

This ancient scientist insisted that Earth was rotating and spun around an axis every 24 hours.

• Galileo

• Ptolemy

• Kepler

• Copernicus

Answer explanation

Copernicus proposed that the Earth rotates on its axis every 24 hours, challenging the geocentric model. His heliocentric theory laid the groundwork for modern astronomy, making him the correct answer.

This scientist hypothesized that the planets traveled in ellipses.

• Galileo

• Ptolemy

• Kepler

• Copernicus

Answer explanation

Kepler is known for his laws of planetary motion, which state that planets move in elliptical orbits around the sun. This hypothesis was a significant advancement over previous models, making him the correct choice.

This scientist is credited with coining the term "Big Bang".

• Einstein

• Guth

• Hubble

• Hoyle

Answer explanation

The term "Big Bang" was coined by Fred Hoyle during a BBC radio broadcast in 1949. He used it to describe the competing theory to his own steady state model of the universe, making Hoyle the correct answer.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

This element is the lightest,most abundant in the universe and is the key component of stars

• Hydrogen

• Helium

• Oxygen

• Carbon

Answer explanation

Hydrogen is the lightest element and the most abundant in the universe, making up about 75% of its elemental mass. It is also the primary fuel for stars, undergoing fusion to produce helium and energy.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-1

NGSS.HS-ESS1-3

When did the big bang occur?

• 5000 yrs ag0

• 13.7 billion yrs ago

• 2 million yrs ago

• Unknown

Answer explanation

The Big Bang occurred approximately 13.7 billion years ago, marking the beginning of the universe. This choice is supported by scientific evidence from cosmic microwave background radiation and the expansion of the universe.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The farther away galaxies are from us, the _______________ it is that they are moving away from us.

• more uncertain

• faster

• slower

• more unpredictable

Answer explanation

According to Hubble's Law, galaxies that are farther away from us are receding faster. Therefore, the correct completion is 'faster', indicating that the rate of their movement away from us increases with distance.

Who made great advancements to the telescope which helped him see that Venus went through phases like our moon?

• Brahe

• Kepler

• Galileo

• Aristotle

Answer explanation

Galileo made significant improvements to the telescope, allowing him to observe celestial bodies in detail. His observations of Venus showed that it went through phases similar to the Moon, providing evidence for the heliocentric model.

Most scientists believe the Big Bang explains which of the following questions?

• How the planets & moons formed.

• How our Universe began.

• How the sun turns hydrogen into helium.

• How fast light travels through space.

Answer explanation

Most scientists believe the Big Bang explains how our Universe began, detailing the origin of space and time, rather than the formation of planets, the sun's processes, or the speed of light.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

What type of galaxy is this?

• Spiral

• Elliptical

• Irregular 

• Irrational

Answer explanation

The galaxy in question is classified as a Spiral galaxy due to its distinct spiral arms and flat disk shape, which are characteristic features of this type. Elliptical and Irregular galaxies have different structures.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-2