Chapter 8 Review

Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory?

• Cells are composed mostly of empty space
• Cells are generally large enough for the unaided eye to see
• All cells are produced from existing cells
• Only animals are made of cells

The cells of all organisms contain DNA. In cells of which of the following groups is the cellular DNA enclosed in a nucleus?

• bacteria
• eukaryotes
• prokaryotes
• viruses

Microscopes can be used to explore cells. Which of the following types of microscopes is used to produce a three-dimensional image of the surface of a cell?

• a. simple light microscope
• b. compound light microscope
• c. scanning electron microscope
• d. transmission electron microscope

A number of scientists made contributions to cell theory. Which scientist was the first to use a light microscope to observe cells in a slice of cork?

• a. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
• b. Matthias Schleiden
• c. Robert Hooke
• d. Theodor Schwann

What type of cell is shown?

• prokaryotic
• eukaryotic
• plant
• animal

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NGSS.MS-LS1-1

Lysosomes are organelles that contain enzymes. Which of the following is a function of lysosomes?

• a. Lysosomes build lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.
• b. Lysosomes package lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.
• c. Lysosomes break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.
• d. Lysosomes store lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which of the following structures are typically present in both plant and animal cells?

• a. cell walls
• b. centrioles
• c. chloroplasts
• d. mitochondria

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

All cells contain cell membranes. Which of the following describes the composition of cell membranes?

• a. Cell membranes are composed of carbohydrate chains, which allow all materials to enter and leave the cell
• b. Cell membranes are composed of cellulose, which provide rigidity for the cell.
• c. Cell membranes are composed of cytoplasm, which allows proteins to be excreted by the cell
• d. Cell membranes are composed of lipid molecules, which provide a flexible structure.

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Which organelles allow plants to support heavy structures such as leaves and flowers?

• a. the cell membranes because they regulate what enters and leaves the cells
• b. the chloroplasts because they convert sunlight into chemical energy
• c. the Golgi apparatus because it packages proteins for storage in the cells
• d. the vacuoles because they are filled with fluid, which provide rigidity

The model shows a substance crossing a cell membrane. Which of the following describes the process?

• a. active transport because the solute particles are moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
• b. bulk transport because the solute particles are moving from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
• c. diffusion because solute particles are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
• d. osmosis because the solute particles are water

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NGSS.MS-LS1-2