The Enlightenment and Age of Reason Assessment

Which movement directly influenced Enlightenment thinking about solving problems in government and society?

• The Scientific Revolution
• The Industrial Revolution
• The French Revolution
• The American Revolution

In France, where did philosophers often gather to exchange and debate ideas?

• Churches
• Salons
• Universities
• Town halls

Who wrote "Two Treatises of Government" and believed in the protection of natural rights?

• Baron de Montesquieu
• Voltaire
• John Locke
• Thomas Hobbes

What did Thomas Hobbes believe about human nature?

• Humans are naturally peaceful
• Humans are naturally cooperative
• Humans need no government
• Humans are naturally selfish

Which philosopher introduced the concept of separation of powers in government?

• Voltaire
• Cesare Beccaria
• Baron de Montesquieu
• John Locke

What famous quote is attributed to Voltaire regarding freedom of speech?

• Think for yourself
• I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend your right to say it
• Liberty is the right of doing whatever the law permits
• I think; therefore I am

What was Cesare Beccaria's main contribution to legal thinking?

• Supporting capital punishment
• Advocating for cruel punishment
• Arguing for fair trials
• Promoting divine right of kings

What did John Locke call the agreement between people and their government?

• Divine right
• Natural law
• Social contract
• Royal decree

Which philosopher wrote the book "Leviathan"?

• John Locke
• Thomas Hobbes
• Voltaire
• Montesquieu

What concept did Montesquieu warn would lead to loss of liberty?

• Separation of powers
• Combined government powers
• Democratic voting
• Religious freedom