European Exploration and New World Conquest

How did the Church's weakening authority during the Great Famine and Black Death eventually contribute to exploration?

• People became more interested in scientific inquiry and self-help
• The Church directly funded exploration
• Religious conflicts decreased travel
• It had no impact on exploration

Which combination of factors made European conquest of the Americas possible?

• Advanced weapons and joint-stock companies
• Religious unity and peasant support
• Feudal system and knight warfare
• Ancient Greek and Roman influence

How did banking innovations in Italian city-states impact exploration of the New World?

• They prevented exploration funding
• They had no effect on exploration
• They funded religious missions only
• They provided financial backing for voyages

What economic motivation best explains European interest in the New World?

• Creating new farming communities
• Spreading Christianity exclusively
• Finding new trade routes and resources
• Building new universities

The Commercial Revolution's impact on New World exploration was primarily through:

• Development of advanced ships and trading networks
• Promotion of peaceful cultural exchange
• Discouragement of overseas trade
• Focus on internal European trade only

How did the aftermath of the Black Death influence European expansion?

• It decreased interest in exploration
• It created a need for new opportunities and resources
• It strengthened the feudal system
• It ended all maritime trade

The development of joint-stock companies affected New World exploration by:

• Preventing individual investment
• Focusing only on Asian trade
• Limiting royal control
• Spreading financial risk among investors

What role did technological advances during the Hundred Years War play in conquering the Americas?

• They were only used in Europe
• They had no impact on conquest
• They provided military advantages over native peoples
• They prevented colonial expansion

How did mercantilism shape European colonial policies in the New World?

• It encouraged free trade between colonies
• It promoted colonial independence
• It restricted colonial manufacturing and trade
• It discouraged resource extraction

The transition from medieval to Renaissance thinking influenced exploration by:

• Discouraging scientific advancement
• Promoting new ways of understanding the world
• Maintaining traditional religious authority
• Limiting maritime technology