Primary and secondary succession

What is the term used to describe the gradual process by which ecosystems change and develop over time?

• Erosion

• Succession

• Photosynthesis

• Transpiration

Which of the following is a direct result of seasonal variations in an ecosystem?

• Increased volcanic activity

• Changes in animal migration patterns

• Formation of new mountain ranges

• Ocean currents reversing direction

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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Identify the primary factor that causes climate change.

• Solar flares

• Human activities

• Ocean tides

• Earth's rotation

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NGSS.MS-ESS3-4

NGSS.MS-ESS3-5

Explain how climate change can affect the biodiversity of an ecosystem.

• It increases the number of species by creating new habitats.

• It can lead to the extinction of species unable to adapt to new conditions.

• It has no effect on biodiversity.

• It only affects plant species, not animals.

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How does succession contribute to the development of a stable ecosystem?

• By preventing any changes in the ecosystem

• By allowing gradual changes that lead to a balanced ecosystem

• By causing rapid and unpredictable changes

• By eliminating all species except the dominant ones

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NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Describe a scenario where seasonal variations might lead to a temporary change in an ecosystem.

• A forest fire destroys a large area of trees.

• A river floods its banks during the rainy season, creating temporary wetlands.

• A new species is introduced to the ecosystem.

• A mountain range is formed due to tectonic activity.

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Analyze how the introduction of a non-native species can impact the process of succession in an ecosystem.

• It accelerates the process by providing more resources.

• It has no impact on succession.

• It can disrupt the natural succession process by outcompeting native species.

• It always leads to a positive outcome for the ecosystem.

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Evaluate the potential long-term effects of climate change on a coastal ecosystem.

• Increased biodiversity due to warmer temperatures

• Stabilization of sea levels

• Loss of habitat due to rising sea levels and increased storm frequency

• No significant changes

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Predict how a prolonged drought might alter the succession process in a grassland ecosystem.

• It will have no effect on succession.

• It may slow down succession by reducing plant growth and altering species composition.

• It will speed up succession by eliminating weaker species.

• It will reverse the succession process entirely.

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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What is the primary difference between primary and secondary succession?

• Primary succession occurs in areas with existing soil, while secondary succession starts on bare rock.

• Primary succession occurs in lifeless areas, while secondary succession occurs in areas where a disturbance has happened.

• Primary succession is faster than secondary succession.

• There is no difference between the two.